The following table shows the number of participants and the tools available in each wave:
Participants
C11 Baseline 2011-2012 | C11 2nd. wave 2014-2015 | C11 3rd. wave 2018 | C19 Baseline 2019-2021 | C19 Substudy COVID 2020 | C11 4th. wave 2022 | C19 2nd. wave 2023 | C11 5th. wave 2025 | C19 3rd. wave 2025 | |
Cohort 2011 (C11) | 4.753 | 2.528 | 1.577 | – | – | 963 | – | – | – |
Cohort 2019 (C19) | – | – | – | 3.002 | 1.166 | – | 1.441 | – | – |
Tools
Tools | C11 Baseline 2011-2012 | C11 2nd. wave 2014-2015 | C11 3rd. wave 2018 | C19 Baseline 2019-2021 | C19 Substudy COVID 2020 | C11 4th. wave 2022 | C19 2nd. wave 2023 | C11 5th. wave 2025 | C19 3rd. wave 2025 |
Household composition | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
Sociodemographic features | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
Cognitive reserve questionnaire (Rami et al., 2011) | X | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | X | ✔ | ✔ |
Mini Mental State Examination (Lobo et al., 1979) | X | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
Work history and benefits | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
The employment precariousness scale (Padrosa, 2021) | X | X | X | X | X | X | ✔ | X | X |
Disability assessment (WHO-DAS II), 12 items (Luciano et al., 2010) | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
Basic and instrumental activities of daily living | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
Multidimensional assessment of health condition (Salomon et al., 2003) | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
Blood pressure | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | X | ✔ | ✔ |
Weight and height | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
Waist circumference | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | X | ✔ | ✔ |
Walking speed | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
Vision (near and distance) | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | X | X | X | X | X |
Grip strength | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
Immediate and delayed recall. Consortium to establish an Alzheimer’s disease registry (Morris et al., 1989) | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
Forward and backward digit span tests of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (2008) | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
Verbal fluency. Animal naming technique (Rosen et al., 1980) | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
Trail Making Test (Bowie & Harvey, 2006) | X | X | X | X | X | ✔ | X | X | X |
Tobacco and alcohol consumption | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | ✔ |
Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS) (Martínez-González et al., 2012) | X | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | ✔ |
Short screening questionnaire of highly processed food consumption (sQ-HPF) (Martínez-Pérez et al., 2022) | X | X | X | X | X | X | ✔ | X | ✔ |
Mini-nutritional assessment (Kaiser et al., 2009) | X | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | X | ✔ | X |
Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) version 2 (Armstrong and Bull, 2006) | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | ✔ |
Chronic conditions (e.g. diabetes, stroke, asthma, hypertension, etc.), | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | X | ✔ | ✔ |
Angina (Rose, 1962) | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | X | ✔ | X |
Injuries | ✔ | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
Urinary incontinence (Espuña et al., 2004) | X | X | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | X | ✔ | X |
Depression (Kessler & Üstun, 2004) | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
Generalized anxiety (Kessler & Üstun, 2004) | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
Panic disorder or attack (Kessler & Üstun, 2004) | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
Suicide (Kessler & Üstun, 2004) | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
Agoraphobia (Kessler & Üstun, 2004) | X | X | X | ✔ | X | X | ✔ | X | ✔ |
The List of Threatening Experiences (Brugha & Cragg, 1990) | X | X | X | ✔ | X | X | X | X | X |
Health care utilization and health system coverage | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | X | ✔ | X |
Eysenck personality questionnaire, N, E and S scales (Sandín et al., 2002) | X | X | X | ✔ | X | X | X | X | X |
Social networks (Zawisza et al., 2014), social trust and safety | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | X | ✔ | X |
Social participation. Based on the social isolation scale (Shankar et al., 2011) | X | X | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
OSLO Social Support Scale (OSS-3) (Kocalevent et al., 2018) | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
UCLA Loneliness Scale, 3 items (Hughes et al., 2004) | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
The multidimensional scale of perceived social support (Zimet, 1990) | X | X | X | X | X | X | ✔ | X | ✔ |
Suspicion of abuse of the elderly (Pérez-Rojo et al., 2008) | X | X | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | X | ✔ | X |
Caregiver’s burden (Zarit, 1980) | X | X | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | X | ✔ | X |
Households in material deprivation (INE, 2021) | X | X | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
Subjective Socioeconomic Status (Präg et al., 2016) | X | X | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
Quality of life (WHOQOL-AGE) (Caballero et al., 2013) | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | X | ✔ | ✔ |
Perceived well-being scale (Cantril, 1965) | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
Stress | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | X | ✔ | X |
Reconstruction of daily life (Kahneman, 2004) | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
Sleep quality (Royuela & Macías, 1997) | X | X | X | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | X | ✔ |
Subjective well-being (Diener et al., 2009) | X | X | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
Brief resilience scale (Rodríguez-Rey et al., 2016) | X | X | X | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | X | ✔ |
Built Environment Self-Reported Questionnaire (Raggi et al., 2014) | ✔ | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
Time in green spaces and built environment | X | X | X | X | X | X | ✔ | X | ✔ |
Economic and social impact of the COVID-19 pandemic | X | X | X | X | X | ✔ | ✔ | X | X |
Short 15-item Big Five Inventory (BFI-S) (Lang et al., 2011) | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ✔ |
6-Item De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale (Gierveld et al., 2006) | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ✔ |
12-item Expectations Regarding Aging Survey (Sarkisian et al., 2005) | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ✔ |
10-item Adverse child scale (Felitti et al., 1998) | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | ✔ | ✔ |
DNA test | X | X | X | X | X | X | ✔ | ✔ | X |
Mortality | X | ✔ | ✔ | X | X | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
Interviewer evaluation | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
COVID sub-study questionnaire | |||||||||
Questions about COVID infection | X | X | X | X | ✔ | X | X | X | X |
Social relationships during confinement | X | X | X | X | ✔ | X | X | X | X |
Pain | X | X | X | X | ✔ | X | X | X | X |
Self-reported weight | X | X | X | X | ✔ | X | X | X | X |
Screen use | X | X | X | X | ✔ | X | X | X | X |
Economic aspects and unemployment | X | X | X | X | ✔ | X | X | X | X |
Proxy questionnaire | |||||||||
Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Impairment in the Elderly (IQCODE-Short Form) (Jorm et al., 1994) | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | X | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
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